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Use this template to cite an entire book, pamphlet, or report. Also, use this template to cite part of a book or encyclopedia, such as an article, chapter, essay, play, poem, or short story. This applies to all formats: print, audio, online, or e-book.
(See more examples)
(List the person or group who created the source. This is usually an author, but it may be an editor or an organization.)
(If the corporate author is the same as the publisher, list the name in the Publisher field and leave this field blank.)
(Only list the first author.)
(Go to the next field.)
(For an e-book, add this: e-book ed. For an audiobook, add this: audiobook ed. Other edition examples to add might include 3rd ed., rev. ed., or updated ed.)
(If you are using one volume of a multi-volume set, add the number used. Otherwise, leave blank.)
(Type the publisher’s full name. Do not include business words like Company, Limited, or Incorporated.)
Was this accessed online? No Yes, in a Library Database Yes, on a Web Site
(Your citation is complete. Check your spelling and capitalization, and then click on Create Citation Below.)
(Ex: Kids InfoBits or National Geographic Kids or Research in Context)
(Do not include http://.)
(Ex: The Children’s Book of Thanksgiving Stories on www.gutenberg.org)
(Do not include http://. If an e-book or audiobook was downloaded directly to a device, a URL is not needed.)
(Add city name for local newspapers when city is not included in title)(Ex: The Oregonian [Portland])
(Ex: national ed., sunrise ed., South Jersey ed.)
(Journals may have both a volume and issue number or just an issue number.)
Publication Date: Day: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Month: Summer Fall Winter Spring Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year: .
(Record the date as listed on your source.)
(If the article’s page numbers are not consecutive, only list the first page and a plus sign. Ex: 37+)
(Ex: Kids InfoBits or Research in Context or Searchasaurus)
(If the journal article includes a digital object identifier, or DOI, use it instead of a URL. Add doi: to the beginning of the number. Ex: doi:10.1093/ageing/afp035. For URLs, do not include http://.)(Do not include http://.)
(Ex: Boy’s Life magazine on www.boyslife.org)
(Ex: The Oregonian on www.oregonlive.com)
Use this template for Web site articles. However, if the information came from another source type, use the template for that source type instead. For example, for a magazine or newspaper article that is in a database or on a Web site, use the template called Magazine or Newspaper Article. For an e-book or audiobook in a database or on a Web site, use the Book template. For a video clip that you watched online, use the Video Recording template, etc.
(List the person or group who created the source.)
(If the author is the same as the publisher, list it in the Publisher field and leave this field blank.)
(Include real name in parentheses, if known. Ex: @jmittel (Jason Mittel))
(Type the publisher’s full name. Do not include business words like Company, Limited, or Incorporated. If the publisher’s name is the same as the Web site title, leave the publisher field blank.)
Could you determine a date that the Web site was created, published, or updated? Yes No
Date: Day: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Month: Summer Fall Winter Spring Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year: .
(Record the date as listed on your source. Ex: 28 Apr. 2016 or Apr. 2016 or 2016)
(Record the time stamp, if there is one.)
Date Accessed: Day: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Month: Summer Fall Winter Spring Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year: .
(This is the date that you read the information on the Web site.)
I am citing an: Entire Television Program or Series, Film, or Video Clip Episode of Series (Television or Video)
(Only use this field to credit people who are named in your project or to tell the difference between this video recording and another.)
(Use this to identify the episode, season, or series number, when there is one. Ex: season 3 or season 7, episode 12)
(The publisher is the company or organization primarily responsible for making the video. Do not include online hosting sites like YouTube or Hulu. Type the publisher’s full name, but omit business words and their abbreviations like Company, Incorporated, and Limited. Ex: Twentieth Century Fox or HBO)
(Record the date as listed on your source. Ex: 3 Mar. 2016 or Mar. 2016 or 2016)
Was this accessed online? No Yes, in a Library Database Yes, on a Web Site, and it is the publisher’s own Web site Yes, on a Web Site, but it is not the publisher’s own Web site
(Ex: video by Beyoncé on www.beyonce.com)
(Ex: Beyoncé music video on YouTube)
(If the uploader is a group or goes by an online username, use the Last Name field and leave the other two fields blank. If the uploader is not known, leave this field blank.)
Could you determine a date that the video was uploaded? Yes No
Date Uploaded: Day: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Month: Summer Fall Winter Spring Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year: .
(Record the timestamp, if there is one.)
(For audiobooks, use the Book template.)
(List the writer or performer of the song, music, speech, or radio program. Give credit to the one most relevant to your research. If this does not apply, leave this field blank.)
(Only use this field to credit people who are named in your project or to tell the difference between this audio recording and another.)
(The publisher is the company or organization responsible for making the recording. This does not include online hosting sites like YouTube, iTunes, or Spotify. Ex: Columbia Records or American Public Media)
Was this accessed online? No Yes, in a Library Database Yes, on a Web Site, and it is the performer’s or publisher’s own Web site Yes, on a Web Site, but it is not the performer’s or publisher’s own Web site
(Ex: Kids InfoBits or Research in Context)
(Ex: song by Beyoncé on www.beyonce.com)
(Ex: Beyoncé song on Spotify)
Images, artwork, and objects can be seen in person or in a resource. For citing artwork or objects that you saw in person, use this template. For citing images (of artwork or objects) that you saw in a book, magazine, newspaper, database, or Web site, you have two choices, and one choice is to use this template. If you are not sure which choice to make, ask your teacher.
Does this image, artwork, or object have a title?
Yes, it has a title. No, it does not have a title.
(Provide a brief generic description of the image, artwork, or object. Capitalize the first word and any proper nouns. Ex: Chair of stained oak)
Is the year of creation known? Yes, because the source provided a date. Yes, but I found the date in a different source. No, I could not determine a date.
Where did you see this? Viewed in person (Ex: at a museum) In a book (either in print, on a Web site, or in a database) In a magazine or newspaper (either in print, on a Web site, or in a database) On a Web site (Ex: an artist’s or museum’s Web site) In a database but the image was not part of an article or book
Institution (Museum, Archive, Building, etc.): ,
City: , (Only identify the city if it is not part of the institution’s name.)
Object Number or Code (if there is one): .
(List the person or group primarily responsible for writing the book. This is usually an author but may be an organization or editor.)
(For an e-book, add this: e-book ed. Other edition examples to add might include 3rd ed., rev. ed., or updated ed.)
(If you are crediting one volume of a multi-volume set, indicate the number used. Otherwise, leave blank.)
(Type publisher’s full name, but omit business words and their abbreviations like Company, Incorporated, and Limited.)
Was this accessed online? No Yes, in a Library Database Yes, on a Web Site, and the book is on the author’s or publisher’s own Web site Yes, on a Web Site, but the book is not on the author’s or publisher’s own Web site
(Ex: Kids InfoBits or National Geographic Kids or Research In Context)
(Ex: image of sculpture by Dale Chihuly in a book found on www.dalechihuly.com)
(Do not include http://. If an e-book was downloaded directly to a device, a URL is not needed.)
(Ex: image of sculpture by Dale Chihuly in a book found on www.gutenberg.org)
(List the person or group primarily responsible for writing the article. This is usually an author but may be an organization.)
Was this accessed online? No Yes, in a Library Database Yes, on a Web Site, and the source is on the author’s or publisher’s own Web site Yes, on a Web Site, but the source is not on the author’s or publisher’s own Web site
(Ex: article from Journal of the American Medical Association, or JAMA, on www.jamanetwork.com)
(Ex: article in Time magazine on www.time.com)
(Ex: article in The New York Times newspaper on www.nyt.com)
(Ex: article from the journal, Animal Nutrition, on www.sciencedirect.com)
(Ex: Time magazine article posted with permission on an organization's Web site)
(Ex: The New York Times newspaper article posted with permission on an organization's Web site)
Is the image or artwork on the artist’s or creator’s own Web site? Yes, it is on the artist’s or creator’s own Web site. No, it is on a different person’s or organization’s Web site. It is on a blog, and not a regular Web site.
(Ex: image of sculpture by Dale Chihuly on www.dalechihuly.com)
(Ex: image of sculpture by Dale Chihuly on www.museumofglassartwork.org)
(List who is primarily responsible for writing the article or the content of the Web page. This is usually a person but may be a group or organization.)
(Type the publisher’s full name. Do not include business words like Company, Limited, or Incorporated. If the publisher’s name is the same as the Web site title, leave the Publisher field blank.)If the blog title is essentially the same as the publisher’s name, leave Publisher blank.)
Could you determine a date that the image was posted or added to the database? Yes No
Use this template for an interview that you conducted or experienced firsthand, including face-to-face, over the telephone, or using video chat. If you read or otherwise saw an interview, use the template for the source that included the interview: book, magazine or newspaper, audio or video recording, or Web site.
(Only list the first person.)
(List the presenter or performer, if there is one.)
(List the person or group who organized the event or made it available to the public. Leave this field blank if they are already named above. Ex: Oregon Zoo or Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum)
Date of Event: Day: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Month: Summer Fall Winter Spring Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year: .
Event Place or Building: ,
Event City: . (Leave this field blank if the city is already included in the name of the place.)
Received by
Date of E-mail: Day: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Month: Summer Fall Winter Spring Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year: .
(If the author is a group or goes by an online username, use the Last Name field and leave the other two fields blank. For an online username, if you know the author’s real name, include it in parentheses. Ex: @Pontifex (Pope Francis))
(For short posts that do not have a title, copy the full text as it appears in the post. For long untitled posts, only copy the first several sentences.)
(Record the date as listed on the post, and include the time, if given.)
Use this template to cite sources that are not already covered in MLA Citation Maker.
The MLA 8 citation guidelines are somewhat flexible. The goal is for you to think about each source and to apply a few rules to produce a citation that is appropriate for your project. Two people could use the same source but have different citations, and both could be correct. It depends on several factors, including what part of the source is most important to your project and what format you used (in print or online, for example).
Use the basic template below to create a citation for your source. Not all of the boxes will need to be filled in.
If you need help with this template, ask your teacher or librarian. Also check the MLA Style Center’s "Works Cited: A Quick Guide," and "Ask the MLA."
(List the person or group primarily responsible for creating the source.)
(Only use this field if you need to credit contributors who are not listed in the Author/Artist field.)
(Organization primarily responsible for producing or sponsoring the source or making it available to the public; type publisher's full name, but omit business words and their abbreviations like Company, Incorporated, and Limited; omit publisher's name if it is included in the title field above)
(Record the date as listed on your source, and include the time, if given.)
(If you enter page numbers, precede one with p. and multiple with pp. If you enter a URL, omit the http://.)
Is your source found within another source, such as a magazine inside of a database or a video on a streaming service? Yes No
(Typically, this will be the title of a database or Web site. If that is the case, only fill in these two fields: Title of Container and Location. Otherwise, fill out applicable remaining fields.)
Check your spelling and capitalization, and click on Create Citation Below.
Before you exit Citation Maker, be sure to save your work by using "Save in Word or Pages" or "Save in Google Drive."
Citation Maker Instructions